Bendet Bynard (Bennett Binnard), 1846-1911
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Bendet4 Bynard (Mosiek3, Jacob2, Lewin1) was born in Rypin, Poland on 6 February 1846.[1] His naturalization record, in which he is called Bennett Binnard, gives an earlier birthdate, 3 July 1845.[2] In later years, a grandnephew described him as "on the rotund side and very jolly and pleasant; also he was about 5' 10" and quite handsome."[3] Bennett stated that the date of his arrival in America was 15 July 1847,[4] but, like the others in his family, his name has not been found on any passenger list, nor on the 1850 census. The 1860 census lists him as Bernard Binard, age 15, living with his parents (his father is mistakenly called James) and younger sister in the 8th Ward of Buffalo New York. He had no occupation and had not attended school within the past year.[5] By 1864 he was living in Rochester, New York; he appears in the city directory as a hoop skirt manufacturer, working at 135 Main and boarding at the Farmers' Hotel.[6] The same year he entered some of his hoop skirts in the annual fair held at Rochester by the New York State Agricultural Society and was awarded a certificate of achievement, called a diploma.[7] On 29 November 1864, Bennett and Matilda Davis, both of Buffalo, were married by a justice of the peace in Buffalo.[8] Bennett was just 18. Matilda, who was born in Poland on 29 September 1847,[9] was 17. One source states she came to the United States in 1853,[10] while another gives the year as 1855.[11] Her father's name was Lewis Davis.[12] The family of Louis and Fanny Davis is enumerated on the 1860 census of Buffalo. Louis, age 35, and Fanny, age 38, were born in Prussia. They had five children: Esther, age 17; Rildy, age 13 (probably Matilda); Abraham, age 11; Mary, age 7; and Rebecca, age 5. Esther and Rildy were born in Prussia; Abraham and Mary in England; and Rebecca in New York. Judging from the birthplaces of the children, the family must have left Prussia about 1848 and resided in England for six years before arriving in New York around 1854 or 1855. Lewis’s occupation was glazier, meaning he worked with glass.[13] Bennett and Matilda's first children were stillborn twins. They were buried in Mt. Hope Cemetery in Rochester on 28 September 1865.[14] After the twins three daughters were born to them: Annie in September 1866,[15] Rachel in August 1868,[16] and Phoebe in January 1870.[17] On 14 August 1868 Bennett was naturalized at Rochester, at which time he renounced allegiance to the Empire of Russia, to which his native Poland belonged at the time. His witnesses were Henry P. Merrill and R. Lichtenstein.[18] From 1866 to 1869 Bennett was a hoop skirt and corset manufacturer at 135 Main Street,[19] but the 1870 census reports his occupation as a beer dealer. The garbled entry calls him "Benard Bonard," fails to include his wife, and lists his children as Ann, Richard, and Phebe instead of Annie, Rachel, and Phoebe. Bridget McLane, a 20-year-old Irish-born domestic servant living with the family, may have been the one who talked to the census taker.[20] In 1871 Bennett and Matilda were still living and working at 135 Main Street in Rochester, but Matilda was named as the hoop skirt and corset manufacturer.[21] Bennett's older brother, James, had also moved to Rochester. He and his wife, Anna, were living a few doors down, at 145 Main Street, where they operated a fancy goods store. Like Matilda, Anna was listed as the proprietor; James was the clerk.[22] James remained in Rochester, but by 1872 Bennett and his family returned to Buffalo. They were at 39 Main, the same address as his father, Morris. Bennett was working as a clerk, probably for Morris. In 1873 he was a tailor at 31 Main, residing with his father at 46 Main. The next year, 1874, he was in the clothing business at the same address and still living at his father's house.[23] A son, Daniel, was born to him and Matilda in 1873 while they lived in Buffalo.[24] Bennett does not appear in any Buffalo city directories after 1874. He is next found in the 1875 directory of Detroit, Michigan, at 33 Harriet. No occupation is given. His older sister, Sarah, and her husband, Jacob Barmon, had moved to Michigan a few years earlier. The same directory shows Jacob, a dealer in hides, living nearby at 291 Gratiot Avenue.[25] After a short time in Detroit, Bennett and Matilda went to Chicago, probably because Bennett's sister, Jeanette, and her husband, Mark Greenburg, were living there. The 1875 city directory gives the Greenburgs' address as 779 Wabash Avenue.[26] Bennett and Matilda's daughter Carrie was born in Chicago on 28 February 1876.[27] From Chicago, the family went west to Oregon. In later years, daughter Annie Binnard Fisher related that she was sent ahead with a mule train so she could start school. She was the only female in the party of men. The mules must have been supplies for the firm of Grostein and Binnard in Lewiston, Idaho. The rest of the family followed by wagon train over the Oregon Trail. By late 1876 the Binnards were in Elk City, Idaho; Bennett was appointed postmaster on 26 December.[28] While they were there, the Nez Perce War broke out. Fear of Indian attack forced them to flee to a safer location, and the next few years found them in Woodburn and Turner, Oregon.[29] The story has come down that the anxiety during the war caused Bennett's hair to turn white overnight. In 1880 they were in Turner, where Bennett's brother, James, had also settled. The 1880 census shows the sisters-in-law Matilda[30] and Anna Binnard as heads of households.[31] Bennett and James are not enumerated with their families because they had already moved to Whitman County in Washington Territory. James is listed by himself, running a general merchandise store in Palouse City.[32] Bennett is found in nearby Colfax, where he also had a store. Matilda and the children must have arrived in Colfax just ahead of the census taker, as they are counted a second time.[33] Colfax had been designated the county seat and was a thriving town of 500 with stores selling general goods, meat, agricultural implements, hardware, saddles, wagons, paint, drugs, hats, and shoes. It had hotels, restaurants, saloons, a tailor shop, a brewery, livery stables, blacksmith shops, a saw mill and a flour mill, a bank, public school, academy, post office, land office, and a newspaper.[34] The Binnards purchased lot 4 in block 20 in Colfax in Matilda's name in February 1881,[35] paying off the mortgage two months later.[36] On 22 July, a fire broke out in a blacksmith shop, destroying three blocks of the business district. Within a year, most of the establishments were replaced with brick buildings.[37] Another fire, believed to be arson, occurred on 14 July 1882, destroying 58 buildings at a loss of $350,000. Among businesses lost was the store of Grostein, Binnard & Company, a branch of the firm co-owned by Bennett's older brother, Abraham, of Lewiston, Idaho.[38] The 1883, 1885, 1887, and 1889[39] censuses of Washington Territory list Bennett and his family in Whitman County. They had added three more daughters to the family: Rebecca about 1878;[40] Birdie in November 1880;[41] and Minnie in December 1882.[42] Rebecca, age 7, is included on the 1885 census, but is not with the family in 1887. She must have died, but no obituary or gravestone has been found for her. Bennett's occupation on the 1887 census was liquor dealer, but he probably began that business earlier. Whitman County records note that he appeared in court in 1884 for selling liquor on Sunday, a violation of territorial law.[43] The Pacific Coast Directory, published in 1886, lists Matilda Binnard as the owner of a saloon in Colfax.[44] Bennett opened a branch saloon in nearby Pullman, Washington. In July 1890 fire had destroyed the business district of the town.[45] Within a week, the firm of Prentice & Squires announced they would rebuild and that Binnard & Johnson would occupy the building as a saloon.[46] Binnard's Elite opened in September with J.R. Johnson as the manager.[47] After only eight months, in May 1891, four men--Johnson, Martin, Zender, and A. Drinkwater-- purchased the saloon from Bennett and renamed it The Artesian.[48] That ended Bennett's business venture in Pullman. More Binnard properties in Colfax were purchased in Matilda's name. On 2 November 1887 she acquired part of lot 9 in block 3[49] and on 8 August 1891 George Reedy sold her the another part of the same lot, running 20 feet along the west side of Main Street.[50] She sold the north 20 feet of this lot to her husband for $1.00 on 27 January 1892.[51] In July 1892 the Colfax Commoner reported that the corner stone was laid for Ben Binnard's new business block. Erected at a cost of $23,000, the building had space for a hardware store, a harness and saddle shop, and a meat shop, as well as the Elite Saloon.[52] There were five levels, including a basement, first floor, mezzanine, and split second floor.[53] Two other businesses were the Hotel Binnard and the Elite Restaurant. Bennett sold them to Fred M. Coleman in April 1900.[54] The Binnard Block housed many businesses over the years and was finally demolished in 1994.[55] On 18 September 1898 Ben Binnard, Charles Schultz, and Jack McVey were charged with keeping the Elite Saloon open on Sunday in violation of state law. As a defense their lawyers claimed that two sections of the statutes relating to the Sunday closing of businesses were in conflict. The Superior Court of Whitman County ruled in their favor and Bennett and the other two men were discharged. The ruling was appealed and on 10 July 1899 in the case State of Washington v. Ben Binnard et al, the Supreme Court reversed the decision.[56] The next year Bennett opened a saloon in Spokane. The newspaper reported that the family intended to move to there, while still keeping their saloon in Colfax.[57] The 1900 census, taken on 13 June, lists the family in Colfax.[58] Bennett and Matilda are also enumerated in the census of Spokane, taken on 19 June. They were residing in a rented house on Howard Street.[59] By November the family had returned to Colfax.[60] Two months later, in January 1901, daughters Carrie and Phoebe were in the hospital, where they underwent surgery after contracting typhoid fever.[61] They recovered and in March 1901 Bennett and Matilda celebrated their 36th wedding anniversary. All of their children were present except daughter Rachel Levinson of Portland.[62] Three years later, in May 1904, Carrie was again taken to the hospital after suffering from peritonitis for two weeks. The newspaper reported that she was "very low."[63] Doctors operated but could not save her. She died on 1 June and was buried at in the cemetery at Colfax.[64] In July 1904 Bennett opened another saloon, the Colfax Wine House, where wine and liquor could be purchased by the glass, bottle, or gallon.[65] Just a few months later, in November 1904, Matilda became ill with a rare disease, diagnosed as purpura hemorrhagica. She was taken to Spokane to consult with doctors and died there at the home of her daughter, Annie Fisher, on 2 December. She was buried in the Fairmont Cemetery in Spokane.[66] She left a will in which she bequeathed $1.00 to each of her children. Her estate, inherited by her husband, was valued at $6,500 and included a community interest in liquors and saloon fixtures worth $2,000; an insurance policy on the life of her husband valued at $3,000; and a community interest in household goods, furniture, and wearing apparel worth $1,500.[67] Two weeks after his wife's death, Bennett sold his house and furnishings in Colfax for $2,500 to M.C. True, who had recently been elected to the office of county assessor.[68] A short time later he became seriously ill in Spokane while returning from Seattle to Colfax. He and his two youngest daughters, Birdie and Minnie, rented a house in Colfax, where they remained for a while.[69] They then lived briefly in Portland, Oregon. The 1906 city directory shows Bennett, Birdie, and Minnie residing at 529 ½ Couch.[70] Another daughter, Rachel Levinson, lived in Portland. Her husband, Louis, is listed in the directory at 589 Johnson.[71] Although Bennett intended to make his home there, he soon returned to Colfax, saying he found Portland too dull and that he would continue his vacation in New York.[72] Bennett had an ulterior motive in traveling east. He had contacted Emma Liebes, whom he had known when she and her husband, Adolph, had lived in Colfax.[73] Emma was born in Germany in May 1853[74] and as Emma Mayer was married to Adolph in Virginia City, Nevada on 27 November 1875.[75] The couple later moved to New York City, where Adolph was an agent for the San Francisco furrier H. Liebes.[76] Emma was described as a woman who "has lived in the east, has visited Paris, London, Berlin, Vienna and other cities. She is a handsome cultured woman, speaking several languages and a member of noted women's clubs."[77] In 1899 Adolph tried to commit suicide by shooting himself three times in the chest.[78] He survived and died six years later, 10 November 1905.[79] Early the next year Bennett traveled east to visit Emma. He wrote, "I arrived here on Wednesday, April 25 and we are going to be married tomorrow evening at 7 o'clock. Will remain here eight or 10 days, then for home."[80] The couple returned in May and took up residence at the Hotel Whitman in Colfax.[81] The 1910 census shows Bennett and Emma living in Colfax with a 16-year-old female servant who was born in Russia.[82] Later in the year Bennett became ill with bronchial trouble and his doctor recommended he take up residence near the seashore. He went first to Portland[83] and then to Los Angeles, where he passed away on 26 January 1911. His wife and daughter Minnie were with him.[84] His funeral was held at the Spokane Elks' Temple and he was buried in the Elks' lot next to his first wife in the Fairmont Cemetery.[85] Bennett left a will in which he bequeathed $1.00 each to his daughters Rachel Levinson, Phoebe Johnson, and Birdie Bills; a gold watch and chain to his son Daniel; a diamond ring to his daughter Annie Fisher; and a life insurance policy worth $2,000 to daughter Minnie Binnard. All the rest of his property was to be divided equally between his wife and Minnie. His estate, consisting of cash, household goods, and a stock of liquors, cigars, and fixtures in his saloon at 215 Main Street in Colfax, was worth $4,422.30.[86] In 1912 Bennett's widow Emma moved to Boise, Idaho to live with her daughter, Mrs. W. F. Libman.[87] By 1917 she had returned to New York City and passed away there on 30 June, survived by her son, Arthur, and daughter Mrs. Libman. Her body was cremated.[88] Children: 1. Twin,5 stillborn, Rochester, Monroe County, New York; buried 28 September 1865, Mt. Hope Cemetery, Rochester, Monroe County, New York[89] 2. Twin, stillborn, Rochester, Monroe County, New York; buried 28 September 1865, Mt. Hope Cemetery, Rochester, Monroe County, New York[90] 3. Anna Binnard, born 14 September 1866,[91] Buffalo, Erie County, New York[92] 4. Rachel Binnard, born 17 August 1868, Rochester, Monroe County, New York[93] 5. Phoebe Binnard, born 4 January 1870, Rochester, Monroe County, New York[94] 6. Daniel Binnard, born 2 July 1873, Buffalo, Erie County, New York[95] 7. Carrie Binnard, born 28 February 1876, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois; died 1 June 1904, Colfax, Whitman County, Washington[96] 8. Rebecca Binnard, born about 1878, Oregon;[97] died between 1883[98] and 1885 9. Birdie Binnard, born 8 November 1880,[99] Colfax, Whitman County, Washington[100] 10. Minnie Binnard, born December 1882, Washington[101] 11. Lottie Binnard? born 13 September 1884; died 13 September 1888, Colfax, Whitman County, Washington[102] _________________________ [1] Gminażydowska, Rypin, Matrykuła, 1808-1865. Birth records of the Jewish community of Rypin, 1846, record number 5 for Bendet Bynard. Family History Library film 715064. [2] Bennett Binnard naturalization, New York, Monroe County Court, Rochester, 14 August 1868, no. 12241. [3] Abner Goldstone, New York, New York, to Mildred Starr, letter, 24 June 1986. [4] Bennett Binnard naturalization. [5] 1860 U.S. census, Ward 8, Buffalo, Erie County, New York, p. 123, dwelling house 979, family 954, entry for Bernard Binard in household of James Binard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 April 2012); citing National Archives microfilm M653, roll 747. [6] Boyd's Rochester and Brockport Directory With a Business Directory, and Names of Farmers and Planters in Monroe County, and an Appendix of Much Useful Information, 1864-5 (Rochester, N.Y.; Andrew Boyd, 1864), 83. [7] Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society, with an Abstract of the Proceedings of the County Agricultural Societies, Volume XXIV, 1864 (Albany, N.Y.: C. Wendell, 1865), 219. [8] Allen E. Jewitt Sr. and Joyce S. Jewett, Early Justice of Peace Marriages Performed in Buffalo, Erie County, N.Y. from 1840-1880, Section #1, Pgs. 1-75 (Hamburg, N.Y.: Allen E. Jewitt Sr., 1984), 43. [9] "Died," Colfax Gazette (Colfax, Wash.), 9 December 1904, p. 2. [10] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 95, sheet 12B, dwelling 250, family 251, entry for Ben B. Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241753. [11] 1900 U.S. census, Browne & Butler Precinct, City of Spokane, Spokane County, Washington, enumeration district 62, sheet 21B, dwelling 314, family 405, entry for Bennett Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241751. [12] Spokane County, Washington, Death Certificates, no. 7972, Matilda Binnard, 1904; State of Washington, Census Office. [13] 1860 U.S. census, 8th Ward, City of Buffalo, Erie County, New York, p. 122, dwelling 969, family 944, entry for Louis Davis; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 803747. [14] "Mt. Hope and Riverside Cemetery Interment Records," University of Rochester, River Campus Libraries, Department of Rare Books, Special Collections and Preservation http://www.lib.rochester.edu/IN/RBSCP/Databases/IMAGES/MtHope/disc1/00000414.pdf); Bennett Binnard’s twins, stillborn, interred 28 September 1865. [15] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 95, sheet 12A, dwelling 239, family 240, entry for Annie Fisher; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241753. [16] 1900 U.S. census, 6th Precinct, City of Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon, enumeration district 43, sheet 10A, dwelling 174, family 176, entry for Rachel Levinson in household of Louis N. Levinson; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241349. [17] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 95, sheet 12B, dwelling 250, family 251, entry for Phebe Binnard in household of Ben B. Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241753. [18] Bennett Binnard naturalization, New York, Monroe County Court, Rochester, 14 August 1868, no. 12241. [19] Boyd's Rochester Directory, With a Business Directory, and an Appendix of Much Useful Information, 1866-7 (Rochester, N.Y.: Waite Brothers & Co., 1866), 83; The Rochester Directory, Containing a General Directory of the Citizens, a Business Directory, and a Record of the City Government, Its Institutions, &c for 1868 (Express Printing House, 1868), 37; The Rochester Directory, (C.C. Drew, 1869), 37. [20] 1870 U.S. census, 14th Ward, Rochester, Monroe County, New York, p. 70, entry for Benard Bonard; dwelling 561, family 593, digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library Film: 552469. [21] The Rochester Directory Containing a General Directory of the Citizens and the City and County Register and Business Directory, No. XXII for the Year Commencing July 1, 1871 (Rochester, N.Y.: C.C. Drew, 1871), 36. [22] Ibid. [23] Buffalo City Directory for the Year 1872 (Buffalo, N.Y.: Warren, Johnson & Co., 1872), 249; (1873), 251; (1874), 251. [24] "Arrived in 1877; Is Real Pioneer," Spokane Daily Chronicle, 29 March 1925. Photocopy, no page number given. [25] J. W. Weeks & Co.'s Annual Directory of Detroit for 1875-76 (Detroit: J.W. Weeks & Co., 1875), 146, 161. [26] The Lakeside Annual Directory of the City of Chicago, 1875-6 (Chicago: Donnelley, Loyd and Company, 1875), 432. [27] "Died," Colfax Gazette (Colfax, Wash.), 3 June 1904, p. 5 [28] National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington, D.C.; Record of Appointment of Postmasters, 1832-Sept. 30, 1971; Roll #: 26; Archive Publication #: M841, entry for Bennett Binnard, Elk City, Idaho Territory, 1876. [29] "Death of Ben Binnard," Colfax Gazette (Colfax, Wash.), 27 January 1911, p. [1]. [30] 1880 U.S. census, Turner, Marion County, Oregon, p. 3, dwelling house 5, family 5, entry for Matilda Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 April 2012); Family History Film 1255082. [31] Ibid, dwelling house 19, family 19, entry for Anna Binnard. [32] 1880 U.S. census, Farmington District No. 2, Whitman County, Washington Territory, p. 14B, dwelling house 151, family 161, entry for Jas. Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 12 July 2012); Family History Film 1255398. [33] 1880 U.S. census, City of Colfax, Whitman County, Washington Territory, p. 8, dwelling house 90, family 92, entry for Bennett Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 12 July 2012); Family History Film 1255398. [34] Frank T. Gilbert, Historic Sketches of Walla Walla, Whitman, Columbia and Garfield Counties, Washington Territory (Portland, Ore.: A.G. Walling, 1882), 440. [35] Whitman County, Washington Deeds Book C, p. 470. [36] Ibid, Book C, p. 658. [37] Frank T. Gilbert, Historic Sketches, 440. [38] Ibid, 441. [39] "Washington State and Territorial Censuses, 1857-1892, database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 12 July 2012), 1883 Washington Territory census, Whitman County, entry for B. Binnard; 1885 entry for Ben Binnard; 1887 entry for Ben Binnard; 1889 entry for B. Binnard. [40] 1880 U.S. census, City of Colfax, Whitman County, Washington Territory, p. 8, dwelling house 90, family 92, entry for Rebecca Binnard in household of Bennett Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 12 July 2012); Family History Film 1255398. Rebecca's age is 2. [41] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 95, sheet 12B, dwelling 250, family 251, entry for Birdie Binnard in household of Ben B. Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241753. [42] Ibid, entry for Minnie Binnard in household of Ben B. Binnard. [43] "Whitman Frontier Justice," database, Washington State Archives--Digital Archives (http://www.digitalarchives.wa.gov/Collections/TitleInfo/238 : accessed 31 July 2012); entry for Bennett Binnard, 1883, citing criminal case WHI-834. [44] McKenney's Pacific Coast Directory for 1886-7 (San Francisco: L.M. McKenney, 1886), 1092. [45] "In Smoking Ruins," The Pullman Herald, 5 July 1890, p. [1]. [46] “Where They Are Located,” The Pullman Herald, 12 July 1890, p. [1]. [47] “Local News,” The Pullman Herald, 27 September 1890, p. [1]. [48] “For the New School House,” Ibid, 9 May 1891, p. [1]. [49] Whitman County, Washington Deeds Book U, p. 178. [50] Ibid, Book 45, p. 148. [51] Ibid, Book 49, p. 172. [52] "Binnard Building Began as a Saloon," Colfax Gazette, 8 August 1985, p. [1] [53] “Binnard Battlers Remove Over 24 Tons of Debris,” Colfax Gazette, 21 May 1987. Photocopy, no page number given. [54] “Bills of Sale,” Colfax Gazette, 20 April 1900, p. 6. [55] “Binnard Building: City Inspector Orders Demolition,” Whitman County Gazette (Colfax, Washington), 30 June 1994. Photocopy, no page number given. [56] Eugene G. Kreider, Reports of Cases Determined in the Supreme Court of the State of Washington Containing Decisions Rendered from March 24, to December 27, 1899, Inclusive. Volume XXI (Seattle and San Francisco: Bancroft-Whitney Co., 1900), 349. [57] "Saloon at Spokane," Colfax Gazette, 22 June 1900, p. [1] [58] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 95, sheet 12B, dwelling 250, family 251, entry for Ben B. Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241753. [59] 1900 U.S. census, Browne & Butler Precinct, City of Spokane, Spokane County, Washington, enumeration district 62, sheet 21B, dwelling 314, family 405, entry for Bennett Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241751. [60] "Back to the Old Town" Colfax Gazette, 9 November 1900, p. 3. [61] "Typhoid Fever," Colfax Gazette, 4 January 1901, p. 2 [62] "The Social Side," Colfax Gazette, 1 March 1901, p. 5. [63] “Local Brevities,” Colfax Gazette, 27 May 1904, p. 2. [64] "Died," Colfax Gazette, 3 June 1904, p. 5 [65] “Colfax Wine House,” Colfax Gazette, 1 July 1904, p. 2. [66] "Died," Colfax Gazette, 9 December 1904, p. 2. [67] Whitman County, Washington probate file 1390, 1905, Matilda Binnard; Whitman County Clerk and Clerk of the Superior Court, Colfax. [68] Endicott Index (Endicott, Washington), 16 December 1904. Newspaper clipping, no title or page given. [69] "Will Make Home in Colfax," Colfax Gazette, 17 February 1905, p.2. [70] Portland City Directory, 1906 (Portland, Oregon: R.L. Polk & Co., 1906), 214. [71] Ibid (1906), 672. [72] "Personal Mention," Colfax Gazette, 30 March 1906, p. 2. [73] "Ben is Wed," Colfax Gazette, 4 May 1906, p. [2] [74] 1900 U.S. census, Borough of Manhattan, New York County, New York, enumeration district 682, sheet 7B, dwelling 62, family 87, entry for Emma Liebes, wife, in household of Adolph Liebes; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 30 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1241111. [75] "Western States Marriage Record Index," database, BYU-Idaho Special Collections (http://abish.byui.edu/specialCollections/westernstates/westernStatesRecordDetail.cfm?recordID=101214 : accessed 30 July 2012), entry for Adolph Liebes to Emma Mayer, Virginia City, Storey County, Nevada, 27 November 1875. [76] "Went to His Store to Shoot Himself," New York Herald, 19 October 1899. [77] "Ben Binnard is Home," Colfax Gazette, 18 May 1906, p. [2]. [78] “Near His Heart,” Evening Repository (Canton, Ohio), 19 Oct 1899, p. 5. [79] "Liebes," New York Herald, 12 November 1905, p. 2. [80] "Ben is Wed," Colfax Gazette, 4 May 1906, p. [2] [81] "Ben Binnard is Home," Colfax Gazette, 18 May 1906, p. [2]. [82] 1910 U.S. census, 2 Ward, Precinct 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, enumeration district 267, sheet 12A, dwelling 138, family 148, entry for Bennett Binnard; digital image, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 4 July 2012); Family History Library microfilm 1375687. [83] "Ben Binnard a Sick Man," Colfax Gazette, 11 November 1910, p. 5 [84] "Death of Ben Binnard," Colfax Gazette, 27 January 1911, p. [1]. [85] "Spokane Elks Bury Bennett Binnard," Spokane Daily Chronicle (Spokane, Wash.), 31 January 1911, p. 8. [86] Whitman County, Washington probate file for Bennett Binnard, 1911, Whitman County Clerk and Clerk of the Superior Court, Colfax. [87] “Society Personals,” Idaho Statesman (Boise, Idaho), 29 December 1912, p. 4. [88] "Died," New York Times, 1 July 1917, p. 19. [89] "Mt. Hope and Riverside Cemetery Interment Records; "Bennett Binnard’s twins, stillborn, interred 28 September 1865. [90] Ibid. [91] Ancestry.com. California, Death Index, 1940-1997 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000, entry for Annie Fisher, 1952. [92] Ancestry.com. Washington, Births, 1883-1935 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010, entry for Ruth Fisher. Ruth’s birth certificate gives her mother’s birthplace as Buffalo. [93] "California, Death Index, 1940-1997," index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/VG5F-PDG : accessed 18 Nov 2013), Rachael Levinson, San Francisco, 1943. [94] Washington, Death Certificates, 1907-1960, Death Certificates Thurston—Benton thru Pierce-Spokane (20251-22000) Family History Library microfilm 2032976, Phoebe Binnard Johnston, 1950, no. 21143. [95] “Arrived in 1877; Is Real Pioneer,” Chronicle (Spokane, Washington?), 29 Mar 1925. Photocopy of news clipping, no city or page number given. [96] Find A Grave, Inc., Find A Grave, database entry (http://www.findagrave.com : accessed 29 January 2014), entry for Carrie Binnard, memorial 109733431, Records of Colfax Cemetery, Colfax, Washington; created by Kerry Moser. [97] 1880 U.S. census, City of Colfax, Whitman County, Washington Territory, entry for Rebecca Binnard in household of Bennett Binnard. Rebecca's age is 2. [98] "Washington State and Territorial Censuses, 1857-1892, database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 12 July 2012), 1883 Washington Territory census, Whitman County, entry for Rebecca Binnard. She does not appear on the 1885 state census. [99] "California, Death Index, 1940-1997," index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/VPW5-XGN : accessed 03 Mar 2014), Byrdie Binnard, 1960. The entry in the death index gives her birth date. [100] Ancestry.com. Washington, Marriage Records, 1865-2004 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012, Clyde Marion Bills and Birdie Binnard, 1906. The record gives her birthplace as Colfax. [101] 1900 U.S. census, Precinct No. 36, Colfax City, Whitman County, Washington, entry for Minnie, daughter, household of Ben B. Binnard. [102] Find A Grave, Inc., Find A Grave, database entry (http://www.findagrave.com : accessed 9 May 2018), entry for Lottie Binnard, memorial 141170820; created by Kerry. The memorial cites a newspaper article dated from The Commoner, published in Colfax, Washington on 21 September 1888, which states that "Lottie, the four and a half year old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. B. Binnard died at the family residence in this city on Thursday evening last." Lottie does not appear with the family in either the 1885 or 1887 state censuses of Colfax. See "Washington State and Territorial Censuses, 1857-1892, database, Ancestry.com (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 9 May 2018), 1885 Washington Territory census, Colfax, Whitman County, entry for Ben Binnard; also ibid., 1887 Washington Territory census, Colfax, Whitman County, entry for Ben Binnard. Mathilda Binnard's entry in the 1900 census of Colfax states she was the mother of 14 children, with 7 still living (see footnote 58 for citation). |